Georgia (country) explained to kids

Georgia is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital and largest city is Tbilisi. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometres (26,911 sq mi), and its 2020 population is about 3.718 million. Georgia is a unitary semi-presidential republic, with the government elected through a representative democracy. During the classical era, several independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia, such as Colchis and Iberia. The Georgians adopted Christianity in the early 4th century. The common belief had an enormous importance for spiritual and political unification of early Georgian states. A unified Kingdom of Georgia reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom declined and eventually disintegrated under hegemony of various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Ottoman Empire, and successive dynasties of Iran. In the late 18th century, the eastern Georgian Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti forged an alliance with the Russian Empire, which directly annexed the kingdom in 1801, and conquered the western Kingdom of Imereti in 1810. Russian rule over Georgia was eventually acknowledged in various peace treaties with Iran and the Ottomans and the resulting international agreements which affirmed Georgia's "territorial integrity" and "inviolable sovereignty" within its contemporary borders. Following the Russo-Persian War (1804-1813) and the Russo-Turkish War (1828-1829), the Treaties of Gulistan and Turkmenchay, Georgia was annexed by the Russian Empire in 1801, 1810, and 1829 respectively. The history of Georgian wine-making has its roots in the 6th century BC when, according to the Greek historian Herodotus, the western Georgian Kingdom of Colchis was famous for its wine production. The Georgian wine tradition continued throughout the Soviet era, and Georgia is now one of the world's largest wine producers. Georgia is a country in Eurasia, located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital and largest city is Tbilisi. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 square kilometres (26,911 sq mi), and its 2020 population is about 3.718 million. Georgia is a unitary semi-presidential republic, with the government elected through a representative democracy. The Georgians adopted Christianity in the early 4th century. The common belief had an enormous importance for spiritual and political unification of early Georgian states. A unified Kingdom of Georgia reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Thereafter, the kingdom declined and eventually disintegrated under hegemony of various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Ottoman Empire, and successive dynasties of Iran. In the late 18th century, the eastern Georgian Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti forged an alliance with the Russian Empire, which directly annexed the kingdom in 1801, and conquered the western Kingdom of Imereti in 1810. Russian rule over Georgia was eventually acknowledged in various peace treaties with Iran and the Ottomans and the resulting international agreements which affirmed Georgia's "territorial integrity" and "inviolable sovereignty" within its contemporary borders. The history of Georgian wine-making has its roots in the 6th century BC when, according to the Greek historian Herodotus, the western Georgian Kingdom of Colchis was famous for its wine production. The Georgian wine tradition continued throughout the Soviet era, and Georgia is now one of the world's largest wine producers.